This is a collection of essays on the Catholic Church in modern and contemporary China. It aims to show how the indigenization of the Chinese Catholic Church took place from different perspectives.

Foreign Catholic missionaries came to evangelize in China. At same time, the Roman Catholic Church encouraged foreign missionaries to build local churches and to cultivate well-educated local priests to shoulder important tasks. The popes talked about the equal status between foreign and Chinese priests.

The first half of the twentieth century and the contemporary period witnessed the significant development of the Chinese Church.  Through structural, missionary and translation endeavors, the foreign missionaries worked closely with Chinese priests, sisters, and lay Catholics to build the Church in China. The stories were fascinating as well as intriguing.